The phrase or the sentence in French language are group of words which give complete meaning .
The phrase in French language are two types //
Firstly // the simple phrase . Secondly // the complex phrase (sentence ) .
Firstly // the simple phrase . The Simple phrase is the phrase which gives complete meaning alone and doesn’t need to another phrase to complete its meaning and it gives complete meaning without any additions .
The simple phrase contains four parts //
1/ the subject (sujet) .
The subject are the person/s or the thing/s which // who make the verb , it sometimes comes a noun and it sometime comes a pronoun it comes always in the beginning of the sentence .
2/ the verb (verbe) . The verb comes after the subject it express about making something in different tenses .
3/ the object (objet) . The object express about who / which on him / her /it / / them… etc , happen the verb in different tenses both directly or indirectly .
4 // the complement (complément) .
The complement can be word or more like adjective or adverb to explain any part of the phrase .
Example 1 //
(Je écris la lettre habituellement .) (I write the letter usually . )
the subject (Je // I ) it is in the beginning of the talk .
the verb (écris // write ) it is in the simple present tense . the object (la letter /// the letter ) it is refer to person/s or thing/ s which the verb make on/to them// him … etc.
the complement (habituellement // usually) it explain any part pf the phrase here it explain the (verb )
Example 2 //
(Mon père lit le journaux parfois . ) (my father reads the journals sometimes . )
the subject (Mon père /// my father ) it is in the beginning of the talk .
the verb (lit //read ) it is in the simple present tense . the object (le journaux ///the journals ) it is refer to thing/ s which the verb make on them//. the complement (parfois //sometimes ) it explain any part pf the phrase here it explains the (verb )
Example 3 //
(J’irai au cinéma demain .)
(I will go to the cinema tomorrow .)
the subject (Je ///I ) it is in the beginning of the talk .
the verb (irai // will go ) it is in simple future tense . the object (au cinema /// to the cinema ) it is refer to thing/ s which the verb make on / to them .
the complement (demain // tomorrow ) it explain any part of the phrase here it explains the (verb ) Secondly // the complex phrase (la phrase complexe) . The complex phrase is the phrase or the sentence which contains two phrase the first is the main phrase and the second is the subjunctive phrase which the first phrase needs to it to complete the meaning and to gives more explanation to the first phrase like clear the reason ,the result ,the aim ,the time and we connect the first phrase with the second phrase by different connection articles see in the following explanation or list //
1/ connection articles express about (the time ) .
from these articles //
The meaning
The article
When
Quand
When
Lorsque
While
Tandis que
at the time when
Au moment où
while
Pendant que
Example //
(Pendant que j’étais au marché j’ai rencontré mon ami .)
(while I was in the market I met my friend . )
2 / connection articles express about (the cause or the reason ) .
from these articles //
The meaning
The article
Because
parce que
So that
Afin que
Provided that
à condition que
Before
Avant que
Because of
à cause de
Example //
(J’irai à paris à cause de je veux y voir les sites touristiques .)
(I will go to the Paris because I want see the tourist sights .)
/3 // connection articles express about (the result ) .
from these articles //
The meaning
The article
so
Ainsi
Example //
(J’étudie mes leçons attentivement ainsi je passerai l’examen .) (I study my lessons carefully so I will pass in the exam .)
4 / connection articles express about ( the contrary ) .
from these articles //
The meaning
The article
But
mais
Despite
En dépit
Except
Sauf
Although
Quoi que
Without
Sans
Example //
(Je suis tellement fatiguée mais je vais étudier toutes mes leçons . ) (i am very tired but I will study all my lessons .)
because we use two phrase ,we use two verbs the tenses of the two phrase must be suitable to each others so there is different cases to the tenses //
1// the verb of the main phrase is in (simple past // complex past ) .
So The verb of subjunctive phase will be //
(the perfect past // the continuous past // the conditional present // the conditional past // the complex past ) 2// the verb of the main phrase was (future ) .
